Tarbiat Modares UniversityPathobiology Reserach2538-300028420251201Ornamental plants as anti-cancer compositions23302797010.48311/mjms.2025.109304.0ENFatemehBidarnamaniAssistant Professor
Agriculture Institute
Research Institute of Zabol0000-0002-1320-9941Journal Article20250826Ornamental plants are plants which are mainly grown for their aesthetic value such as beautiful flower, leaves etc., however there are many ornamental plants that have medicinal uses as well. In this article, we would like to review the enormous potential of ornamental plants in relation to medical treatments such as cancer, which has become very common in recent years. Many anticancer lead bioactive molecules such as vinca alkaloid, vinblastine, vincristine, camptothecin, and taxanes have been characterized from different medicinal plants and are used as therapeutic agents worldwide. Aloe vera and their antioxidant secondary metabolites in treating ovarian cancer, Catharanthus roseus in human epithelial cervical carcinoma cell line, Rosa canina L. as anti-tumor and genoprotective, Alcea rosea as anticancer, Catharanthus roseus as anti-inflammatory and anticancer, Taxus bacata against human colon cancer, Podophyllum peltatum for treating testicular cancer, lung cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, neuroblastoma, and ovarian cancer, Alcea rosae in treatment of colorectal cancer, suppression the proliferation of PLC/PRF/5 cells by inducing apoptosis by Amorphophallus campanulatus extract, etc. Bergenia ciliatahave potential to work against neoplastic activities due to which it acts as defensive medicine. Therefore, communication between agricultural science specialists and the use of the capacities of this field, especially ornamental plants, and medical sciences, can reveal other aspects of ornamental plant cultivation.https://mjms.modares.ac.ir/article_27970_43d5b8fc1b0674e7cfd04c36d6bb6442.pdfTarbiat Modares UniversityPathobiology Reserach2538-300028420251201Comparison of the Tumor-Suppressing Effects of Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Pomegranate Peel on Gastric Cancer31372796810.48311/mjms.2025.109305.0ENNooshinAsadmasjediDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, IranMarziehAnamInfectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, IranFatemeKianiStudent Research Committee, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, IranZahraBehvandiStudent Research Committee, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, IranHaniyeShahoonStudent Research Committee, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, IranMarziehZeinvand-LorestaniDepartment of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran0000-0002-6515-4372Journal Article20250827 Background: The active compounds of pomegranate peel (PP) have different effects and their solubility varies based on their polarity. There are limited studies that thoroughly examine and compare the effects of hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of its components so this study will investigate which extract (aqueous or hydroalcoholic) has a greater effect on gastric cancer cells (AGS cell line). <br>Methods: Gastric cancer cell line (AGS) used and subjected to different concentrations of aqueous or hydroalcoholic extract of PPE, from 0.25 to 8 mg/ml then viability, and IC50 assays were performed. <br>Results: In our study, both aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of pomegranate peel exhibited anti-tumor properties against AGS cells (p ≤ 0.01). The IC50 value of the aqueous extract was determined to be 2.784 mg/mL, indicating a higher potency in inhibiting gastric cancer cell proliferation. In comparison, the hydroalcoholic extract exhibited a higher IC50 value of 3.58856 mg/mL, suggesting it is less effective at the same concentration. <br>Conclusion: Therefore, the aqueous extract demonstrates a stronger cytotoxic effect against gastric cancer cells compared to the hydroalcoholic extract.https://mjms.modares.ac.ir/article_27968_e6eb4c2fedeb246841d5b95592cb1218.pdfTarbiat Modares UniversityPathobiology Reserach2538-300028420251201Protective effects of Adenosine on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in rat39482796910.48311/mjms.2025.109306.0ENZohreAghaeiDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IranSaeedHajihashemiDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran0000-0003-3854-3089AliRahbariDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IranMahboubeAhmadiDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IranJournal Article20250830Introduction: Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic widely used for treating gram-negative bacterial infections, is limited in clinical practice due to its nephrotoxic effects. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that adenosine attenuates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation.<br>Materials and Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups (n = 7 each): control, gentamicin, adenosine, gentamicin plus adenosine (concurrent treatment), and adenosine post-treatment. Systolic blood pressure, renal blood flow (RBF), and serum levels of urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, and osmolality were measured. In addition, renal tissue was analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA) content and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP).<br>Results: Concurrent adenosine administration significantly prevented the gentamicin-induced increase in sodium excretion and renal MDA levels, while restoring reduced RBF and FRAP values (p < 0.05). In the post-treatment group, adenosine significantly attenuated the gentamicin-induced increases in urinary sodium, potassium, and MDA level, while promoting a higher urinary urea output compared with the gentamicin group (p < 0.05).<br><br>Conclusion: Adenosine attenuates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity, likely through vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant mechanisms.https://mjms.modares.ac.ir/article_27969_dfd6d3e1cc00d58f69d8505479da0d6e.pdfTarbiat Modares UniversityPathobiology Reserach2538-300028420251201Low-Frequency Oscillatory-Mediated Olfactory Bulb-to-Prefrontal Cortex Communication During Anxiety-Like States49562414410.48311/mjms.2025.24144ENAliSamii MoghaddamSchool of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.Journal Article19700101Abstract<br><br>Introduction: Anxiety disorders affect nearly one-third of adults worldwide and are associated with complex neural circuitry that remains incompletely understood. This study investigates the directional information flow between the olfactory bulb (OB) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) during anxiety-like states.<br><br>Methods: Local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded simultaneously from OB and mPFC in male Wistar rats during Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and Open Field (OF) tasks. Granger causality analysis was applied to assess directional information flow across delta (1–4 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz), and beta (13–30 Hz) frequency bands.<br><br>Results: The analysis revealed a consistent pattern of bottom-up information transfer from OB to MPFC, with significantly stronger Granger causality in the OB→mPFC direction compared to mPFC→OB across all frequency bands. This pattern indicates a dominant feedforward flow of information during anxiety states.<br><br>Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that the OB-mPFC axis operates through synchronized low-frequency oscillations, forming a hierarchical network during threat processing.https://mjms.modares.ac.ir/article_24144_0fbdcafcce2cb11f51c99c4d667b1488.pdfTarbiat Modares UniversityPathobiology Reserach2538-300028420251201Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes in Skin Regeneration and Chronic Cutaneous Wound Therapy: A Review7212414510.48311/mjms.2025.24145ENFatemehPoorhoseini Hanzaii1Applied Cell Sciences Division, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranMasoudSoleimaniApplied Cell Sciences Division, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMinaSoufi ZomorrodApplied Cell Sciences Division, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranJournal Article19700101Skin wound healing is a highly intricate biological process that encompasses multiple stages and involves coordinated interactions among growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and diverse cell types. Impaired wound healing may result in chronic wounds, which causing pain, disfigurement, and a heavy burden on patients and healthcare. Traditional wound care involves removing damaged or infected tissue, followed by the application of dressings and topical agents to protect and promote healing. Conventional methods also include nonsurgical treatments and pharmacological therapies. Regenerative medicine aims to restore function by repairing or replacing cells, tissues, and organs. Stem cells possess remarkable regenerative potential; however, their clinical use is hindered by the limited survival of transplanted cells. Additionally, factors such as determining the proper cell source, route of administration, and preparation of stem cells under accurate clinical conditions have led to the application of cell therapies for wound healing. It is important to note that the challenges posed by host immunological responses in cell therapy, which have attracted significant attention in recent years, are being effectively addressed through cell-free therapy, paving the way for more successful treatment. Exosomes, as the most significant cell-free therapy, based on their endogenous, biocompatible, and multifunctional properties, have become a new tool for drug delivery systems, immunotherapy, and regenerative medicine.https://mjms.modares.ac.ir/article_24145_598a3242360f1b7afc0b59475de711f7.pdfTarbiat Modares UniversityPathobiology Reserach2538-300028420251201The effect of six weeks aerobic training on sPLA2 and COX-2 genes expression In Balb/c mice with breast cancer57622799010.48311/mjms.2025.117231.82608ENZahraHajiaghaeiDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Isl.C., Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran0009-0008-8309-3092SanazMirzayan ShanjaniDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Isl.C., Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, IranZohrehAfsharmandDepartment of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercise, Isl.C., Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, IranYaserKazemzadehDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Isl.C., Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, IranJournal Article20251024Introduction: Clinical evidence points to the development of breast cancer in women as being rooted in genetic and hormonal factors. The present study aimed to determine the effect of aerobic training on the expression of some transcription factors (sPLA2, COX-2) in breast tissue that are effective in breast cancer tumor growth in Balb/c mice.<br>Methods: For this purpose, breast cancer was induced by 4T1 tumor cells in 14 Balb/c mice (Animal house, Pasteur Institute, Iran), then were randomly divided into exercise (aerobic training, n = 7) or control (n = 7) groups. Aerobic training was performed 5 sessions weekly in the form of running on a rodent treadmill for 6 weeks. sPLA2, COX-2 genes expression in Breast tumor tissue were measured at 48 hours after lasting exercise in 2 groups. Independent t-test (SPSS. 22) was used for comparing variables between groups.<br>Results: Compared to the control group, aerobic training induced significant decrease in sPLA2 (p = 0.001) and COX-2 (p = 0.001) expression in Breast tumor tissue. <br>Conclusion: These findings supports the effectiveness of aerobic training as a non-pharmacological treatment to inhibit the growth or severity of breast cancer. Further studies are required to understand the main mechanisms responsible for the exercise training on the factors affecting the growth and progression of breast cancer.https://mjms.modares.ac.ir/article_27990_849e8eb895308e298f803b71ac4de06a.pdfTarbiat Modares UniversityPathobiology Reserach2538-300028420251201Allium jesdianum Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses in the Liver of Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice63702798710.48311/mjms.2025.117248.82609ENKOBRASHIRANIDepartment of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.AlirezaRezaei1. Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.Bahareh SadatYousefsani3. Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.AmenehOmidiDepartment of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20251025Introduction<br>The liver is essential for drug metabolism and detoxification, and cyclophosphamide (CTX) can trigger hepatotoxicity via oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Allium jesdianum has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that may mitigate CTX-induced liver injury. This study investigates whether the antioxidant properties of A. jesdianum can protect organ function in a CTX-treated animal model, with implications for potential adjunctive strategies in CTX therapy.<br>Methods and materials<br>Twenty male NMRI mice divided randomly into 4 groups (n=5 per group): normal saline for 14 days (oral), A. jesdianum extract at 200 mg/kg daily for 14 days (oral), CTX at 20 mg/kg intraperitoneal (IP) for 5 days, and A. jesdianum extract at 200 mg/kg (oral) daily for 14 days + CTX at 20 mg/kg IP during the last 5 days. Tissue samples were collected and analyzed for lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity, and inflammatory cytokines.<br>Results:<br>CTX increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), which were attenuated by A. jesdianum (P < 0.001). Antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were adversely modulated by CTX and markedly ameliorated by A. jesdianum pretreatment (p < 0.001). Pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were increased in the CTX group, which was significantly decreased by A. jesdianum (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.01, respectively).<br>Conclusion<br>A. jesdianum suggests attenuating CTX-associated liver toxicity by dampening oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, thereby supporting its prospective role as a natural cytoprotective adjunct in chemotherapy regimens.https://mjms.modares.ac.ir/article_27987_e3bff3cd294df3b24f6fe9e700d86a91.pdfTarbiat Modares UniversityPathobiology Reserach2538-300028420251201Identification and Evaluation of Drug Resistance and Exoenzymes in Candida albicans Isolated from Nails#71782799110.48311/mjms.2025.117840.82611ENMehrsaDerisavielmofarhang tehran0009-0003-8673-1639Journal Article20251120Background and Objective: Candidiasis is the most common yeast-related infection worldwide, with infections caused by Candida albicans increasing over the past two decades. Limited information exists regarding its pathogenic characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate drug resistance, pathogenicity, and biological mechanisms of C. albicans to inform prevention and treatment strategies.<br>Materials and Methods: Antifungal susceptibility to fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin, phospholipase and proteinase activities, and biofilm formation were assessed in 26 C. albicans isolates obtained from patients’ nails. Identification was confirmed on CHROMagar medium.<br>Results: Phospholipase activity was high in 6 isolates, moderate in 14, and low in 6. Proteinase activity was high in 3 isolates, moderate in 5, and low in 18. All isolates formed biofilms. MIC testing revealed fluconazole susceptibility in 89.5% of isolates; amphotericin B, 100%; voriconazole, 90%; and caspofungin, 80%. Intermediate or dose-dependent responses were observed in the remaining isolates, with 10.5% resistance to caspofungin.<br>Conclusion: Candida albicans employs multiple pathogenic mechanisms, posing a persistent risk for infections. Antifungal susceptibility assessment is essential for selecting effective treatments and designing preventive measures.https://mjms.modares.ac.ir/article_27991_4cd9b9a23d1c08707a723b56062a502f.pdf